JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS & HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS Vol. 33, no. 3, 929-933 (2019)
Pathogenesis and tissue tropism of Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus (H9N2) in single and mixed infections.
Irshad I1, Aslam A1, Tipu MY1, Ashraf K2, Irshad A3, Rehmani SF4, Ahmad I1, Rao S5, Bibi T1, Mustafa G1.
Author information
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 2 Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 3 Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 4 Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 5 Services Hospital Lahore-Pakistan.
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) are globally considered as a serious threat to the chicken and other avian species. The paramyxovirus type 1 and orthomyxovirus type A are RNA viruses, which cause ND and AI infection, respectively.
KEYWORDS:
H9N2, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, chicken, co-infection
Publication type
- Letter
