JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS & HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS Vol. 33, no. 3, 929-933 (2019)
Pathogenesis and tissue tropism of Newcastle disease virus and avian influenza virus (H9N2) in single and mixed infections.
Author information
- 1 Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 2 Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 3 Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 4 Quality Operation Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore-Pakistan.
- 5 Services Hospital Lahore-Pakistan.
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) and avian influenza (AI) are globally considered as a serious threat to the chicken and other avian species. The paramyxovirus type 1 and orthomyxovirus type A are RNA viruses, which cause ND and AI infection, respectively.
KEYWORDS:
H9N2, Newcastle disease, avian influenza, chicken, co-infection
Publication type
- Letter